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Smart discussion of the latest science and news on toxins in your food, water, and air, and what government agencies should be doing to protect public health. Written by EWG staff.
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Good, Bad and Truly Awful: Top Environmental Stories of 2011
'Tis the Season for Being Green in the Kitchen
No Coincidence: Camp Le Jeune's Contaminated Drinking Water
Stand Up for REAL Food - Twinkies Aren't Breakfast
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Toxins in our Kids' Foods: Where is the FDA?
Why, oh why is there plastic in my aluminum water bottle?
Fluoride in Your Water: How much is too much?
Borax: Not the Green Alternative It's Cracked Up to Be
Test Your Knowledge of Cosmetics Safety: 8 Myths Debunked
EWG's Tips to avoid BPA exposure
EWG on TV
Cutting the Pork from U.S. Farm Bill
Sunscreen safety & DC drinking water
Perchlorate in people, kids' personal care products & plastics, and sunscreen
BPA in baby formula & safe cosmetics
What can I do about fluoride in my water?
What is new carpet treated with? What can I do?
Are stainless steel water bottles safe?
Is mineral-based makeup safer?
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Pesticide Defenders Say the Darndest Things
By Alex Formuzis, EWG V-P for Media Relations
In an interview last week (Jan. 16) at the pesticide lobby's D.C. headquarters, Washington State University Environmental Toxicology Professor Allan Felsot told Energy and Environment News (subscription required):
"When you pick up food, you are eating thousands of chemicals at a time."
Of course he's absolutely right.
But that probably wasn't the talking point the spin-doctors at the pesticide trade group CropLife America were hoping for.
Each year, U.S. Department of Agriculture scientists test various fruits and vegetables - after they've been washed and peeled - and each year they find large numbers of pesticide residues.
Professor Felsot, who co-authored a report titled Pesticides and Health: Myths and Realities for the American Council on Science and Health, an industry-friendly organization supported by chemical and pesticide makers, was in the nation's capital last week at the behest of the group to help dispel concerns people have about eating these toxic chemicals.
That's no easy task, considering that a number of leading scientists and pediatricians have become increasingly concerned - and vocal - about the risks to children from dietary exposures to pesticides; not to mention the clear preference of consumers, whose shopping choices have turned organic farming into a $26 billion-a-year business.
And don't forget, of course, the long list of independent research studies that connect pesticide exposure to serious health risks. Just last April, three separate studies came out with stunningly similar findings of a connection between prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and diminished IQ in children.
The next day, in a television interview with Monica Trauzzi of Environment and Energy News (subscription required), Felsot said this when he responded to a question about organic produce:
"I think that organic farming has a place in the market and I think that organic farmers, I know for a fact, also use pesticides. It's a matter of choosing which poison, if you will, that you want to use."
That's not a typo.
He basically said, "Pesticides are poison."
They must have loved that at CropLife America. The professor was on a roll.
Felsot failed to mention that the "pesticides" applied by certified organic farmers are made from natural sources and do not contain synthetic chemicals, unlike those used by conventional agriculture. That's a big difference. But his characterization of pesticides used by conventional growers as "poison" is mostly accurate, and that's the driving force behind the explosion of the organic industry. People don't want to eat "poison" along with their fruits and vegetables.
How crazy is that?
A number of the pesticides used on conventional produce, or as Felsot characterized them, "poisons," have been linked in careful studies to cognitive delays, birth defects and cancer.
It's true that Professor Felsot has lectured and conducted extensive research on pesticides for decades, as is evident in this 53-page resume. However, what wasn't mentioned in the press reports of his visit to Washington were his long financial ties to the pesticide and chemical industry.
According to his own accounting on that resume (page 51), he's received nearly $300,000 in funding from a long list of industry interests, including American Cyanamid Co., Chevron Chem. Co., Fison-Boots Chem. Corp., FMC Corp., Herbert Stanley Co., Illinois Fertilizer & Chemical Association, Imperial Chemical Industries, Macon Co. Mosquito Abatement District, Myers Chemical Co., N.W. Ill. Mosquito Abatement District, Sierra Chem Co., Stauffer Chemical Co., Union Carbide, Union Oil Co. and UniRoyal Chemical.
Felsot also lists substantial funding from large grower groups and the USDA.
And that's some relevant fine print.
Marine brass wants to limit Camp Lejeune water report

By Alex Rindler, Policy Associate
According to a Huffington Post article published today, U.S. Marine Corps officials have urged federal health experts not to release complete information about an ongoing federal water assessment at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, home to the largest documented case of water contamination at a domestic military facility.
Last week, Major General J.A. Kessler wrote officials of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services in a letter dated January 5th, asking for careful review of information about active water systems that "potentially places those who live or work aboard the base at risk."
Apparently Marine brass is worried that this information may end up in the wrong hands. No American wants to see that happen. But where was this insistence on greater force protection when cancer-causing chemicals such as benzene and vinyl chloride were contaminating Camp Lejeune's drinking water? Lejeune officials repeatedly ignored warnings from independent scientists for four and a half years before finally taking serious steps to mitigate the pollution in 1984.
By then it was too late. Of the estimated 1 million people exposed to these chemicals while living and working aboard the base at least 73 have been diagnosed with male breast cancer and many more suffer from other rare cancers, chronic diseases and birth defects.
Given the Marine Corps' history of deception on this issue, its desire to protect "critical infrastructure information" from the public seems like just another attempt to further hinder the assessment process led by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, a branch of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. This agency is conducting a battery of health studies including a mortality study of former Camp Lejeune residents, to be released in the coming year.
Thankfully, due to the leadership of Sen. Pat Leahy (D-Vt.) and Rep. Carolyn Maloney (R-N.Y.) the Secretary of Defense is now required by law to consider whether the government's need to withhold this kind of information is outweighed by greater public interest, say, a veteran's right to know if her child's leukemia may have been caused by exposure to toxic chemicals.
The Environmental Working Group urges Defense Secretary Leon Panetta to give the public right to know high priority when limiting disclosure of information related to Camp Lejeune and other polluted military bases.
Please watch this trailer for the award-winning documentary, "Semper Fi: Always Faithful", which details the incident and its effects on Camp Lejeune's community. The film has been short-listed for an Academy Award nomination for Best Documentary Feature.
Guest Post by Robyn O'Brien and Angie Nordstrum
We've all seen (or at least heard of) the movie "Erin Brockovich" in which a bold and fiercely determined mom takes on a chemical company for exposing a small town and the families and children that live there to toxic chemicals that have been linked to cancer. It's Academy Award winning material.
And it's happening again.
In a small town in Colorado, 600 yards from three elementary schools and a childcare center, the natural gas industry is about to drill wells and expose hundreds of school children to chemicals that have never been proven safe, for which there is no accountability when it comes to their safe disposal and for which there is no clarity on who would assume liability (and future medical bills) for the health of these children should they become ill.
It's an unprecedented situation, because in the haste to drill, no regulations and no long-term human health studies have been conducted to assess the impact that these processes and the chemicals used in them might have on the health of children.
According to the Denver Post, "the American landscape is dotted with hundreds of thousands of new wells and thousands of drilling rigs, as the country scrambles to tap into this century's gold rush for natural gas.
Drilling companies have developed techniques to unlock these enormous reserves, and energy companies are clamoring to drill.
But the relatively new drilling method -- known as high-volume horizontal hydraulic fracturing, or hydrofracking -- carries significant environmental risks. It involves injecting huge amounts of water, mixed with sand and chemicals, at high pressures to break up rock formations and release the gas."
Given that the American children have already earned the title "Generation Rx", due to the rates of asthma, allergies, autism, ADHD, diabetes and the fact that cancer is now the leading cause of death by disease in children under the age of 15 (source: Centers for Disease Control), perhaps it is time that we stop and learn a little bit more.
Angie Nordstrum, a mother of a young child with multiple food allergies and asthma, sheds light on what is happening at her child's school:
My son attends the new Red Hawk Elementary in Erie, Colorado. This state of the art green school is a LEED certified building which means that it is complete with geothermal heat system, super insulated building envelope, skylights and displacement ventilation.
The mission of the school is to focus on math, science, technology and integration of the arts by fostering a sense of environmental responsibility by taking care of one's self with healthy eating and exercise and reducing environmental waste. Students begin each school day outside. The school also has a 1,500 square foot garden space. Students and staff will be an integral part of the gardens, with beds for each grade level.
In the news recently, you may have heard of something called "fracking" or "hydraulic fracturing". It is a drilling process used by the natural gas industry to extract natural gas from beneath the ground.
And there are health and safety concerns about it. Despite provisions in the Clean Air Act, there is something called the Halliburton Loophole that allows the gas companies to inject proprietary mixtures of methane, ethane, liquid condensate, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the wells. Some of the VOCs that are used in the mixtures have a significant impact on health and include benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene and xylene.
Health effects of exposure to these chemicals include neurological problems, birth defects, and cancer. Other symptoms may include bloody noses, asthma, GI distress, diarrhea, dizziness, migraines, nerve pain, neurological disorders and skin rashes. These health risks pose a potential threat to children.
Yet despite these concerns, drilling is beginning on eight natural gas wells less than 600 yards from our school, Erie Elementary, Erie Middle School and Exploring Minds Childcare Center. Yes, three schools and a childcare center are about to be exposed to an unprecedented experiment in children's health.
Will the school nurse will be seeing dozens of sick children in her office. What health issues will these students have in 5 years? In 10 years?
The companies will begin the drilling process in the next couple of weeks. It will be visible from my son's classroom. The only access to the site will be from the road which runs right in front of the school. Let me repeat that, "The only access to the site will be from the road which runs right in front of the school" because while there is another road that is actually closer to the drilling site, this road cannot be used for drilling transportation because the chemical-carrying trucks are not allowed to cross railroad tracks on the course of their path.
At what point are children more valuable than railroad tracks? The trucks transporting the chemicals cannot cross the railroad tracks but they can transport toxic chemicals right in front of the entrance to our school?
Erie is an old coal mining town. There are parks and ball fields built on top of these mines for kids to enjoy all over our town. Our school garden sits on top of an old mine. We don't want our children to be the canaries in the natural gas coal mine.
To learn what you can do to protect yourself and your family and how to prevent the drilling of these wells near children's schools, the following pages and resources provide information about:
Louisville Water Co. Slashes Chrome-6 Pollution
By Alex Formuzixs, EWG Communications Director
In 2010, EWG identified chromium-VI contamination in the drinking water of 31 of the 35 cities we tested. One Kentucky city has stepped up to solve that problem.
A change in how drinking water is treated in Louisville, Ky., has dramatically reduced contamination by suspected carcinogen chromium-6.
Environmental Working Group tests made public in December 2010 showed that chromium-6 levels in the Louisville water supply were higher than the safe limit proposed at the time by California public health officials. The dangers of pollution by this industrial chemical, a suspected carcinogen also known as hexavalent chromium, came to national attention in the 2000 film Erin Brockovich.
James Bruggers of the Louisville Courier-Journal reported on Dec. 31 that Louisville Water Co. managers, troubled by the EWG report, discovered that the culprit was lime, a softening agent used at one of its water treatment plants. By adding lime earlier in the process, Bruggers wrote, the utility lowered the chromium-6 level of the plant's finished tap water by 80 percent.
In response to EWG's report that found chromium contamination in 31 of 35 city water supplies tested, the federal Environmental Protection Agency early last year issued guidance to states and water utilities nationwide on how to test for the carcinogen. The agency has since announced plans to set a stringent safety standard for chromium-6 contamination in tap water.
Which states are taking steps to inform residents of chromium-6 in their drinking water? EWG senior scientist Rebecca Sutton reported on Enviroblog last July that California, Hawaii, Illinois and Wisconsin are actively working on the problem. Others, among them Georgia, Kentucky, Oklahoma and Oregon, have inadequate testing plans or none at all.
Check for your city's results, if tested, here. EWG's Tips for Safer Drinking Water (left) cover chromium-VI and other contaminants.
Good, Bad and Truly Awful: Top Environmental Stories of 2011
By Nils Bruzelius, EWG Executive Editor

People are messy. So is nature. And what people do when nature unleashes its fury often makes things worse.
The staff at Environmental Working Group took a look at the major environmental news stories of the year and came up with two lists: the Top 10 Good News storie and the Top 10 Bad News stories.
Since environmentalism is mostly about limiting or preventing the harms done to people's and the planet's health by careless human activity, it's hardly surprising that all but one of the "good news stories" involved doing something about problems that we humans created. The only exceptions involved contaminants that can come from both natural and man-made sources.
The message, once again, is that we are our own worst enemy. Good news comes when we do something to clean up our messes. Bad news comes when we create brand new environmental harms or risks, or just plain fail to address the ones already out there - even when we recognize the threat.
By a wide margin, EWG staffers said that the two top bad news stories of the year were President Obama's decision to kill the Environmental Protection Agency's latest effort to reduce the health threat from smog and the nuclear disaster that erupted in Japan when an unprecedented tsunami overwhelmed the defenses that were supposed to protect a complex of five reactors built at the very edge of the sea.
Trying not to get too depressed in the middle of holiday season, we'll go to the good news first.
Again by a wide margin, EWG staffers said the two top good news stories were the growing momentum to limit or ban BPA and (in the messy category), the emergence of evidence that the drilling technique known as hydraulic fracturing really can be a threat to drinking water supplies. Drilling companies have insisted for years that fracking poses no threat to water supplies, but we've been skeptical, and so have many property owners in the states where drilling is intensifying. We're glad to see some hard facts on the table.
First, the Good
Here's the full rundown of the top good news stories as chosen by EWG's researchers and other staff:
1. BPA Feels the Heat
Two months after trend-setting California banned the endocrine-disrupting chemical BPA in baby bottles and sippy cups (as of 2013), the federal Food and Drug Administration agreed under the pressure of a law suit to decide whether to eliminate BPA in all food packaging. Meanwhile, the American Chemistry Council, a trade group that has fought fiercely against the California bill and other legislative curbs on BPA, appeared to throw in the towel, at least part way, as it petitioned the U.S. Food and Drug Administration to "clarify for consumers" that it no longer uses the chemical in children's food containers.
2. Truth Will Out: Fracking Has Tainted Ground Water
Giving the lie to gas drillers' long-standing insistence that hydraulic fracturing to release shale oil and gas has never contaminated drinking water supplies, the Environmental Protection Agency announced that it had detected chemicals associated with fracking in groundwater in Wyoming. Earlier, EWG's own investigation uncovered a long-forgotten 1987 EPA report that found fracking-related contamination in water wells used by West Virginia residents. In the face of mounting public pressure, meanwhile, regulators decided to postpone action on rules that could open the door to widespread drilling and fracking in the vast Delaware River watershed.
3. New Reason for Caution on Cell Phone Radiation
In another case where bad news is seen as good news - because it indicates that important new information is coming to light - the International Agency for Research on Cancer, a branch of the World Health Organization, for the first time listed radiation from cell phones as "possibly carcinogenic" to humans. The jury is still out on the possible health risks from these ubiquitous devices, but the decision was significant for those who live by the precautionary principle.
4. The Grand Canyon Gets Protection
Interior Secretary Ken Salazar took an important step toward protecting the chief water source for California and the Southwest when he extended for 20 years a ban on new uranium mining on 1 million acres around the Grand Canyon. EWG called attention to this looming danger in its report, Conflict at the Canyon.
5. Getting Rocket Fuel out of Water
Reversing a decision made during the administration of former President George W. Bush, the EPA said it will begin the process of setting legal limits on perchlorate, an ingredient in rocket fuel, and 16 other chemicals known as volatile organics that have contaminated water sources used by millions of Americans.
6. Blowing the Whistle on Sugar in Kids' Cereals
Bringing renewed attention to a problem that food makers have persistently refused to correct, a widely publicized EWG report pointed out that a number of heavily-marketed children's cereals contain unhealthy amounts of sugar, some of them more than popular desert items.
7. California Moves to Curb Chromium-6
California's state Environmental Protection Agency adopted a first-in-nation health-based standard (public health goal) for hexavalent chromium in drinking water, the initial step in establishing a legal limit in drinking water for this widely found carcinogen that gained public notoriety in the movie Erin Brockovich.
8. HHS Calls for Less Fluoride in Drinking Water
Citing potential health risks to children, the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services proposed in January that utilities a, which EWG and other public health advocates had long recommended. Three days later, the EPA granted a petition by EWG and two other environmental groups to end the use of sulfuryl fluoride, an insecticide and food fumigant that is also a source of fluoride exposure.
9. Sunscreen Rules - Too Little, Too Late
After deliberating for 33 years, the FDA finally got around to proposing rules governing the content and labeling of sunscreen products, but in EWG's view, they fall far short of the mark.
10. Brazilian Blowout Declared Unsafe
The FDA warned the makers of "Brazilian Blowout" in September that the company's hair straightening product, which contains carcinogenic formaldehyde, is "adulterated" and "misbranded." Earlier in the year, EWG's investigation found that a total of 16 companies used high levels of the chemical as an ingredient in similar products.
Now for the top Bad News. Take a deep breath.
1. President Obama Kills Tighter Smog Limits
As summer was winding down, Obama shocked EPA Administrator Lisa Jackson and the environmental community by blocking plans to impose stricter national standards on ozone-containing smog. It was the strongest indication yet that the administration was approaching major environmental decisions with a cold eye on the 2012 election.
2. Fukushima Melts Down
By itself, the Japanese tsunami was a horrendous, almost unimaginable event, one that reminds us that even the most highly developed nations can be left all but helpless when the full forces of nature get unleashed. But what happened at Fukushima had a more profound lesson: that technological hubris, self-serving bureaucracy, lack of transparency and a host of other human failings always have the capacity to take a bad situation - and make it worse. Unfortunately, Japan will be reminded of this lesson every day for decades to come.
3. A Deadly Year for Foodborne Illness
Cantaloupes and sprouts. Record-setting outbreaks of foodborne disease in the United States and Europe underscored once again that assuring food safety is a critical priority. The U.S. listeriosis outbreak, which came just months after Congress passed major new food safety legislation, was linked to cantaloupes grown in Colorado. It killed 29 land sickened at least 139. In Europe, an outbreak ultimately linked to sprouts unleashed an unusually deadly strain of E. coli, killing at least 18 and sickening about 2,000.
4. House Republicans Target EPA and Environmental Regulation
Propelled by the anti-regulatory fervor of the Tea Party and Republicans' desire to blame unemployment on Obama and "job killing" regulation, GOP members of Congress took aim at the EPA and environmental regulations of all types, even voting to block a non-existent rule on rural dust. The cost in lives, illness and economic loss from environmental degradation didn't enter into the discussion.
5. Still No Reform for Outdated Toxics Law
Thirty-five years and counting. That's how long it's been since Congress passed the Toxic Substances Control Act, the only one of the 70s era environmental reforms that has never been updated. In public, there seems to be consensus that it's high time to update a law that allows new chemicals on the market with no meaningful safety testing. But when it comes to actually working out a reform bill in the halls of Congress, that consensus evaporates.
6. Emissions Up, Action Down on Climate Change
Recently released data shows that in 2010, carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels jumped by the largest amount of any year since the industrial revolution. But in the United States, parts of Europe and much of the rest of the world, the prospects for concerted international action to curb climate change seemed to be fading away. Que sera, sera?
7. Fracking Wastewater Reaches Rivers, Water Treatment Plans
Wastewater from the natural gas drilling boom, laden with chemical contaminants and sometimes radioactivity, passed through sewage treatment plants that weren't designed for it and ended up in rivers that supply drinking water to cities in Pennsylvania and elsewhere. Meanwhile, the battle over whether and how to allow fracking in New York State neared a climax.
8. Federal Judge Blocks S.F. Cell Phone Right-to-Know Ordinance
The EWG-led campaign to require cell phone retailers to post information about cell radiation emissions suffered a setback when a federal judge struck down most of an ordinance passed by the San Francisco City Council, but the battle isn't over. A revised ordinance passed in 2011, but it, too, is being challenged.
9. Ballyhooed Solar Panel Company Goes Belly Up
President Obama's effort to promote a "green economy" alternative to fossil fuels and to help revive the economy took a hit when Solyndra, a California manufacturer of solar panels, declared bankruptcy. Critics used the scandal to attack subsidies for alternative energy programs, but the fact is, petroleum and other fossil fuels have fattened up on federal subsidies for decades.
10. Contaminated Chinese Dry Wall
The online news organization Pro Publica brought national attention to the growing scandal over contaminated Chinese dry wall that emits foul odors, causes appliances to fail and mades people sick. Thousands of homeowners and renters were affected, and the scandal is still unfolding.
'Tis the Season for Being Green in the Kitchen
Treat your guests to a home and food that are healthy for them and the environment.
New for you this year: our Meat Eater's Guide to Climate and Health. What's the difference between cage-free and free-range? Grass-fed and pasture-raised? Our label decoder demystifies shopping - everyone needs one!
Back by popular demand -- holiday kitchen tips from Jane Houlihan, senior vice president for research at Environmental Working Group:
1. Choose food low in added chemicals and pollutants
Food can contain ingredients we don't want to eat - pesticides, hormones, artificial additives and food packaging chemicals. Some simple tips to cut the chemicals:
2. Use non-toxic cookware
Using a great pan makes a huge difference. I skip the non-stick so that my kids, pets and I don't breathe toxic fumes from overheated non-stick pans.
3. Store and reheat leftovers safely
Leftovers can extend the joy of a holiday -- by giving you a break from the kitchen! But be sure to avoid plastic when storing and (especially) when heating them. Here's why -- and how:
We wish you and yours a very happy holiday season. Happy Holidays!
P.S. Take a look at EWG's recommended reading list from the year - great gift ideas for others - and, of course, yourself.
No Coincidence: Camp Le Jeune's Contaminated Drinking Water
By Alex Rindler, Government Affairs Associate
Nearly 40 Marine veterans diagnosed with male breast cancer today urged President Obama to support legislation in Congress that would provide health care for those made ill by carcinogenic chemicals that contaminated drinking water at Camp Lejeune in North Carolina.
"We, the undersigned, are constituents of the largest male breast cancer cluster ever identified - 73 men," begins a letter circulated by the Environmental Working Group on December 14, 2011 and signed by veterans, their dependent children and surviving family members. "What happened to us is no coincidence."
Over a period of 30 years, an estimated one million servicemen and women, their families and civilian workers at Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune were exposed to tap water polluted by known carcinogens. These include trichloroethylene (TCE), vinyl chloride and benzene - all classified as known human carcinogens by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency.
It took too long to act
The Marine Corps leadership was aware of the contamination years before steps were taken to remove the chemicals from the drinking water. Thousands of veterans from the base have filed for disability compensation with the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, but only a handful have been approved for benefits so far. Mike Partain, a son and grandson of Marine officers who was born at Camp Lejeune and was diagnosed with breast cancer in 2007, poses important questions:
"These men are just one small group of the tens of thousands of Marines, sailors, their families and base employees who have been affected by their exposures to the fouled drinking water. Will the medical help we need arrive only after we have all passed away? How many men with breast cancer will it take for our country to recognize that everyone exposed to the contaminated drinking water at Camp Lejeune was poisoned? Where is this nation's honor for our veterans and their families?"
Help may be on the way
Two pending bills - the Caring for Camp Lejeune Veterans Act of 2011, introduced by Sens. Richard Burr (R-N.C.) and Kay Hagan (D-N.C.), and the Janey Ensminger Act, introduced by Rep. Brad Miller (D-N.C.) - would provide medical care and services to the affected veterans and family members. Both have bipartisan support. And EWG's support.
The Camp Lejeune incident, the largest documented case of drinking water contamination at a domestic military facility, is the subject of the award-winning film Semper Fi: Always Faithful. The film, which takes its name from the Marine Corps motto, was recently short-listed for an Academy Award nomination for Best Documentary Feature.
Watch the trailer here:
Semper Fi: Always Faithful Trailer from Rachel Libert on Vimeo.
Want to see it yourself? Find a screening near you.
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